{"id":5877,"date":"2017-10-23T22:49:09","date_gmt":"2017-10-23T19:49:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/?p=5877"},"modified":"2019-12-30T11:34:50","modified_gmt":"2019-12-30T09:34:50","slug":"%cf%80%cf%8e%cf%82-%cf%84%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%ac%ce%b3%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%b1-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%ba%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%8d%ce%bd-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b2%ce%ac%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%82-%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/?p=5877","title":{"rendered":"\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2: \u0397 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li><strong>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5 Don Lincoln<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf &#8220;The Physics Teacher&#8221; <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; 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\u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c1\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5880\" style=\"width: 233px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5880\" class=\" wp-image-5880\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Galileo-photo.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"279\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5880\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0395\u03b9\u03ba. 1. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Galileo.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u039f \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, Vincenzo Viviani, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Galileo \u03c4\u03bf 1654 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Galileo \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03af\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Galileo. \u039c\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <em>\u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u039d\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2<\/em>, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1638, \u03bf \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c1\u03ac\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf. \u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Galileo \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u039f \u039d\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03a7\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bf Sir Isaac Newton (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 2) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Robert Hooke \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c6\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1. \u039f Hooke \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Newton \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 &#8211; \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Hooke. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf Hooke \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf Newton \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf \u039d\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1. <\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5898\" style=\"width: 246px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5898\" class=\" wp-image-5898\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Newton-photo.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"236\" height=\"339\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5898\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0395\u03b9\u03ba. 2. \u039f Sir Isaac Newton \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Robert Hooke \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f \u039d\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce, \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Hooke.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 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\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-088f9ca68e7eb86825e6972ce6a50513_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#70;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#71;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#109;&#77;&#125;&#123;&#114;&#94;&#50;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"23\" width=\"80\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"\/>, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7), <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e595f77dd1997bb74ea451ed7c20d62e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#70;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#109;&#118;&#94;&#50;&#125;&#32;&#123;&#114;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"24\" width=\"115\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>. \u0395\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7, \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u039f \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5. A priori, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2:<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"id470375071\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 37px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> (1) <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-163aee5422b1deef5782d683b65a5d40_l3.png\" height=\"37\" width=\"213\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#98;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#110;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;&#32;&#32; &#70;&#61;&#71;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#98;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#117;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#97;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;&#77;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#98;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#117;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#97;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;&#125;&#123;&#114;&#94;&#50;&#125;&#44; &#92;&#101;&#110;&#100;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c2<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"id3656854531\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 39px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> (2) <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f33c6ccecc10d7a798b6ee197a6f303a_l3.png\" height=\"39\" width=\"275\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#98;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#110;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;&#32;&#32; &#70;&#61;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#100;&#101;&#108;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#110;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;&#32;&#97;&#61;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#100;&#101;&#108;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#110;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#118;&#94;&#50;&#125;&#123;&#114;&#125;&#46; &#92;&#101;&#110;&#100;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u039b\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"id3188823917\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 33px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> (3) <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8a873d7c00e3eeeee2f9ab072d121d9c_l3.png\" height=\"33\" width=\"349\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#98;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#110;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;&#32;&#32; &#118;&#61;&#92;&#115;&#113;&#114;&#116;&#123;&#71;&#091;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#98;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#117;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#97;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;&#47;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#100;&#101;&#108;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#110;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;&#093;&#77;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#98;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#117;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#97;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;&#47;&#114;&#125;&#46; &#92;&#101;&#110;&#100;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ce\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7106496c4bb605ce074aa99b5012c935_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#98;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#117;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#97;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;&#61;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#100;&#101;&#108;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#110;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"189\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>. \u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03ca\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b9\u03bd (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 3).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5899\" style=\"width: 232px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5899\" class=\" wp-image-5899\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Einstein-photo.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"222\" height=\"297\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5899\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0395\u03b9\u03ba. 3. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Albert Einstein \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Coulomb. \u039b\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 k \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Coulomb \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5f4dd18309988afd96832e9247c34dd5_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#113;&#95;&#123;&#108;&#111;&#119;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"29\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-15c54d3ae8c66e2488a633a51c161b8d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#113;&#95;&#123;&#104;&#105;&#103;&#104;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"36\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/> \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u00a0(<a href=\"#id3188823917\">3<\/a>) \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd:<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"id384683066\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 33px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> (4) <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9d0b13dea06a39e7911f06ef06b5c3ad_l3.png\" height=\"33\" width=\"257\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#98;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#110;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;&#32;&#32; &#118;&#61;&#92;&#115;&#113;&#114;&#116;&#123;&#107;&#091;&#113;&#95;&#123;&#108;&#111;&#119;&#125;&#47;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#100;&#101;&#108;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#110;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#107;&#97;&#112;&#112;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#125;&#093;&#113;&#95;&#123;&#104;&#105;&#103;&#104;&#125;&#47;&#114;&#125;&#46; &#92;&#101;&#110;&#100;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (q \/ m) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2), \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u0397 \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03ca\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b9\u03bd<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u038a\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 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LHC.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 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\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Lorentz, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae, p \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, E, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"id3050492524\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 20px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> (5) <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-eae77a30e12a8c5ead9db600b273a483_l3.png\" height=\"20\" width=\"153\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#98;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#110;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;&#32;&#32; &#92;&#98;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#110;&#123;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#114;&#105;&#120;&#125; &#112;&#61;&#92;&#103;&#97;&#109;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#109;&#118;&#32;&#92; &#69;&#61;&#92;&#103;&#97;&#109;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#109;&#99;&#94;&#50; &#92;&#101;&#110;&#100;&#123;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#114;&#105;&#120;&#125; &#92;&#101;&#110;&#100;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 m \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1, \u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, c \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5c006c45f86837009d2f9c1e3640449f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#103;&#97;&#109;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#49;&#32;&#47;&#32;&#92;&#115;&#113;&#114;&#116;&#123;&#49;&#45;&#32;&#40;&#118;&#32;&#47;&#32;&#99;&#41;&#94;&#50;&#125;&#46;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"151\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/><br \/>\n\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c5 \u2192 c, \u03b3 \u2192 \u221e. \u0391\u03bd\u00a0 \u03c5 = 0, \u03b3 = 1. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (<a href=\"#id3050492524\">5<\/a>) \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-297f575f01e6d7e4781a600ebc7ea2dc_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#112;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#109;&#118;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"59\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9157b307b0b27184ad05ff3e3331fc30_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#109;&#99;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"69\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8d8a92b0f188341a5ea0be7ff98ca82a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#115;&#105;&#103;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#104;&#105;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#97;&#117;&#46;&#125;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#103;&#97;&#109;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#109;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"98\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>. \u0397 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd v = 0) \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3876ad2ca9c0df922d90c2268b4f6f44_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#97;&#108;&#112;&#104;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#118;&#97;&#114;&#115;&#105;&#103;&#109;&#97;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"64\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-26020d04207e2d01748f62fca8670be3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#112;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#115;&#105;&#103;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#104;&#105;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#97;&#117;&#46;&#125;&#32;&#118;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"92\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-eaecb76a852fd5664cf20ea72a32dca4_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#115;&#105;&#103;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#104;&#105;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#97;&#117;&#46;&#125;&#32;&#99;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"21\" width=\"102\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>. \u0397 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7-\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 (\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2), \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03c9\u03c2 m. \u0397 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ebd4045199babc4ea2d1a34b3942618a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#103;&#97;&#109;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#109;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"25\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u0398\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0391\u03be\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1). \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"id2462124576\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 21px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> (6) <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f5218dee1dfcab12add4b0e4c78fbbd2_l3.png\" height=\"21\" width=\"157\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#98;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#110;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;&#32;&#32; &#69;&#94;&#50;&#61;&#40;&#112;&#99;&#41;&#94;&#50;&#43;&#40;&#109;&#99;&#94;&#50;&#41;&#94;&#50; &#92;&#101;&#110;&#100;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7., c = 1) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b7 \u03ac\u03bb\u03b3\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1. \u0392\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"id3870326286\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 21px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> (7) <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d62fc06cadc1338e52fe0a33437f8f25_l3.png\" height=\"21\" width=\"107\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#98;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#110;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;&#32;&#32; &#109;&#94;&#50;&#61;&#69;&#94;&#50;&#45;&#112;&#94;&#50; &#92;&#101;&#110;&#100;&#123;&#101;&#113;&#117;&#97;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#110;&#42;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Lorentz \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac Larentz \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 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\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Lorentz.<\/li>\n<li>\u0397 <em><strong>\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/em> \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03ca\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c8\u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <em>\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em> \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c1\u03af\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf 1971 \u03bf \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03c4\u03ad\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bd\u03c4 \u03a3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4 \u200b\u200b\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03b5\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7.(video \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9)<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"737\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/oYEgdZ3iEKA?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=el&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><em><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"el\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03b5\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 15, \u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u039d\u03c4\u03ad\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bd\u03c4 \u03a3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4 (\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9) \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 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\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-94415cf8373e371200ab9f051805dc42_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#49;&#48;&#94;&#123;&#45;&#49;&#56;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"42\" style=\"vertical-align: -1px;\"\/> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd. \u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1964 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 Robert Brout, Francois Englert \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Peter Higgs, \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae 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\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ian Sample.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b6\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf Higgs. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Higgs \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 2012. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b6\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf Higgs \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 Higgs. \u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf Higgs \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba, \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b6\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf Higgs. \u0395\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf Higgs \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1. \u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce. \u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf Higgs, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf Higgs \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u0397 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Higgs, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 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\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf Higgs <em>\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd<\/em> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf 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\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 0,05% \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03ba\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba. \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1. \u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 1% \u03ae 2% \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2; \u03a3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 femtometer(<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ed368207bf1344810a0e4e0c3b47ea72_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#61;&#49;&#48;&#94;&#123;&#45;&#49;&#53;&#125;&#109;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"77\" style=\"vertical-align: -1px;\"\/>). \u03a4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 (<a href=\"#id3050492524\">5<\/a>), \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4de02fc502ed5dbd15f371728ea270a3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#103;&#97;&#109;&#109;&#97;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"10\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03ad\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03c0\u03af \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u00a0(<a href=\"#id3870326286\">7<\/a>) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 98-99% \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b5\u03be \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd Higgs \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 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\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 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\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf 5% \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bdan \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd Vera Rubin, \u0395\u03b9\u03ba. 5), \u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af, \u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9, \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf; \u0397 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf Higgs; \u0389 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5925\" style=\"width: 253px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5925\" class=\" wp-image-5925\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Rubin.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"243\" height=\"332\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5925\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0395\u03b9\u03ba. 5. \u0397 Vera Rubin \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf. \u039f \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc. \u0398\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf Higgs, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf (\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7906f19521af4d0b6550dc4bd91f488f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#53;&#49;&#49;&#32;&#107;&#101;&#86;&#32;&#47;&#32;&#99;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"81\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3171797f992b9087c1f7cb0308d3c0fe_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#49;&#55;&#50;&#32;&#71;&#101;&#86;&#32;&#47;&#32;&#99;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"84\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03b3\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd&#8221; \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 0,3 eV.<\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7, \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd MeV \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd GeV, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03b7\u00a0 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 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\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1. \u0397 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f810890901b4b50b76dd17c9196ff0e3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#115;&#105;&#103;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#117;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#110;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#104;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#46;&#125;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#32;&#109;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#115;&#105;&#103;&#109;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#97;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#101;&#112;&#115;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#104;&#111;&#46;&#125;&#61;&#32;&#99;&#111;&#110;&#115;&#116;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"190\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>. \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd), \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf. \u0393\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \/ \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03ca\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"mai&#108;&#x74;&#x6f;&#x3a;&#x67;ais&#105;&#x64;&#x69;&#x73;&#x40;vie&#119;&#111;&#x6e;&#x70;&#x68;&#x79;sic&#115;&#x2e;&#x67;&#x72;\">&#x67;&#x61;&#x69;&#x73;&#x69;&#x64;&#x69;&#x73;&#x40;&#x76;&#x69;&#x65;&#x77;&#x6f;&#x6e;&#x70;&#x68;&#x79;&#x73;&#x69;&#x63;&#x73;&#46;&#103;&#114;<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/img_1494.jpg\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/img_1494.jpg\" alt=\"img_1494\" width=\"127\" height=\"120\" \/><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">\u039a\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5 Don Lincoln \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf &#8220;The Physics Teacher&#8221; \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u0397 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf, \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5898,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5877","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-4"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Newton-photo.gif","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4sIra-1wN","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5877","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5877"}],"version-history":[{"count":74,"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5877\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7577,"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5877\/revisions\/7577"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5877"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5877"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/viewonphysics.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5877"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}